Boost Regulator Module
Introduction Boost Regulator Module:
In my last article series, LTspice helped us to examine the features of and step-down switching regulator’s power stage. The next batch of articles would continue using LTspice to explore the design and electrical behaviors of switch-mode power supplies but with a focus on regulator topologies other than the buck converter.
We’ll start with the circuit commonly known as a boost converter, or step-up regulator. In this article, we will have to discuss its design; in future articles, we’ll explore its basic operation and take a close look at
the current and voltage waveforms.
As the names ‘boost’ and ‘step-up’ both imply, the topology we’re discussing today can achieve an output voltage higher than an input voltage. This—along with improved efficiency—represents a crucial advantage of switch mode over linear regulation since the latter cannot produce VOUT higher than VIN.
Specifications:
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Charging current :60А
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Discharge current:80А
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Full charge voltage:4.2V
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Full discharge voltage :2.7V
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Input voltage,maximum (constant)DC:21.5V
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Input voltage, minimum (constant)DC :12.3V
Circuit Operation:
In this article, we will be learning about the features and working of a 4S 6A lithium Battery Management System or BMS along with checking out the components and the circuitry of this module. Furthermore, we have done complete reverse engineering of the module by removing all the components from the PCB and measuring all the PCB traces with a dee multimeter. For testing the BMS and the circuit, we have built a battery pack and we will charge and discharge the battery pack with them.
A BMS is an essential component for any battery pack not only because it protects the battery from overcharge and over-discharge conditions but it extends the service life of a battery is keeping the battery pack safe from potential hazards. For this, we are using a 3S, 6A battery pack which has a JW3313S Battery Protection IC. The protection features available in the Battery Management System are listed below.
Overcharge detection
Over Discharge detection
short circuit detection voltage
When a lithium battery is charged beyond a safe charging voltage, the cell is up extremely its health is affected and its life cycle and current carrying capacity get reduced. To protect the cell from these types of conditions, a good battery management system must have overvoltage built-in, and for the JW3313S IC, this is no exception. In the testing charging of our battery pack cut off almost at 12.75V which represents 4.25V for each cell.
The same can would be said for over-discharge protection. When the battery voltage goes below a certain threshold, the lithium cells Get affected and the life cycle of the cells gets reduced. To protect this from happening, every BMS should have over-the-discharge protection and this IC is not an exception. In our testing, the cell voltage gets as low as 2.7V for each cell, and then the protection features kick in and cut the output.
Read Also:
How the Boost Regulator Module Work:
BMS may protect its battery by preventing it from operating outside its safe operating area, such as Overcharging. Over-discharging. Over-current during charging.
The primary function of the BMS is to protect the battery cells from damage caused by being overcharged or overcharged. Additionally, the BMS calculates the remaining charge, monitors the battery's temperature, and monitors the battery's health and safety by checking for loose connections and internal shorts.
Battery management system (BMS) is technology dedicated to the oversight of a battery pack, which by an assembly of battery cells, electrically organized in a row x column matrix configuration to enable the delivery of a targeted range of voltage and current for a duration of time against expected load scenarios.
A BMS monitors the individual cells with your battery pack and calculates how much current can enter safely (charge) and flow out (discharge) without damaging the battery. Doing so prevents and power source (battery charger) and load (from an inverter) from overcharging or overextending the battery.
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the protection necessary considered for BMS?
The most common type of BMS short circuit protection is thermal cutoff, which will activate when the battery temperature reaches a certain point. Other types of protection include fuse cutoff and electronic cutoff. Most lithium batteries have a short circuit protection setting of around 200-300mA.
How do you select the suitable BMS protection?
The BMS must be designed to handle the maximum voltage and current of your battery system. The maximum voltage is the highest voltage that the battery can output, and the maximum current is the highest current that the battery can provide. The BMS must be designed to handle both of these parameters
What is the difference between BMS and battery protection?
In summary, a protection board is a simple circuit that protects a single cell from overcharging, over-discharging, and short circuits, while a BMS is a more advanced system that manages and protects a battery pack as a whole, providing features such as cell balancing and sophisticated monitoring and control.
Does BMS limit charging current?
There are many types of BMS (and many definitions of "normal"), but generally, in case of too high a charging current, a BMS will not limit the current to an acceptable level but simply stop the charging, and yes, this does protect the battery, but there will be no charging4.
What systems are controlled by BMS?
A building management system (BMS) is a control system that can be used to monitor and manage the mechanical, electrical and electromechanical services in a facility. Such services can include power, heating, ventilation, air-conditioning, physical access control, pumping stations, elevators and lights.
